Cooperative learning has emerged as a valuable educational model in enhancing physical education (PE) instruction, particularly at the college level. Its core emphasis on teamwork, communication, and shared responsibility aligns well with the goals of physical education, which include fostering students’ physical fitness, social development, and long-term engagement in active lifestyles. In the context of higher education, physical education is not only expected to improve students’ physical abilities but also to cultivate their initiative and motivation to participate in sports activities. Despite its potential, the implementation of cooperative learning in college PE settings faces several challenges. These include limited understanding of cooperative strategies among instructors, lack of tailored training, and inconsistencies in practical application. This study explores the practical value of cooperative learning in college physical education, identifies prevailing challenges, and proposes strategies to enhance its effectiveness. The findings aim to support educators in adopting more student-centered approaches that promote engagement, holistic development, and improved teaching outcomes through cooperative learning models