The key emphasis for sustainable human resource development in the public sector has been an efficient and effective way of organizing and executing programmes to achieve desired results. The success of any organization is not only determined by the quality of personnel available, but how adequate these resources are harnessed and coordinated towards achieving the goal of the organization. The importance of developing human resources is more obvious given the growing complexity of the work environment, rapid change in the organizations and advancement in technology. Consequently, this study examined human resources development as a tool for organizational productivity in Nigeria public sector. Two critical human resource development practices (performance appraisal, reward and welfare) were used. The factors of organizational productivity used were based on job skills, performance, experience and background. The study adopted a survey research approach, using questionnaire administration for data generation. The data were analyzed using regression analysis (Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 25.0) was used for test of hypothesis. Findings showed that all the two critical human resource development practices are veritable tools for employee productivity, they had positive /significant effect on employee productivity. The study then concluded, amongst others, that human resource development practices significantly influence organizational productivity, thereby supporting the need for organizations in the public sector to pay attention to human resource management practices. The study then recommended, amongst others, that improving quality of manpower development through increasing programmes and course will integrate staff concern. It is also recommended that staff should be allowed to be involved in programme development of course that would easily benefit them