Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a collection of physical, psychological, and emotional symptoms that occur following ovulation and typically resolve with the onset of menstruation. It is a common health condition affecting a significant proportion of women of reproductive age and is characterized by symptoms such as mood changes, fatigue, low self-esteem, sadness, irritability, and reduced energy levels. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), emotional disturbances such as depression, decreased confidence, and low self-worth are frequently reported among females, particularly during their reproductive years.
Adolescence and young adulthood represent a critical transitional stage marked by rapid physical, emotional, and social development. In many populations, including India where approximately 27% of females fall within the 15–29-year age group, PMS symptoms are highly prevalent. Epidemiological studies indicate that up to 80% of women experience some form of premenstrual symptoms, with varying degrees of severity. While mild symptoms are common, a considerable proportion of individuals experience moderate to severe manifestations that significantly affect daily functioning.
The burden of PMS extends beyond physical discomfort, as it is associated with considerable psychological distress and functional impairment. Affected individuals often report difficulties in interpersonal relationships, reduced academic or occupational performance, and increased absenteeism from school, college, or work. In severe cases, the level of impairment is comparable to that observed in major depressive disorders, highlighting the clinical and social significance of the condition.
Despite its high prevalence and impact, PMS remains under-recognized, particularly among adolescents and young women, with limited studies focusing on this population group. This knowledge gap contributes to inadequate awareness, delayed recognition, and poor management of symptoms. Therefore, improving understanding of PMS among adolescents is essential for early identification, effective coping strategies, and better health outcomes. This study emphasizes the need for increased awareness, education, and targeted interventions to bridge existing gaps in knowledge and reduce the burden of PMS among young females