Leisure activities have been found to have a significant impact on the well-being of elderly individuals. This study aimed to explore the relationship between leisure and well-being of elderly residents in China and construct a driving model of well-being. Using social support theory, a survey was conducted among elderly residents in Shanghai. The findings revealed that leisure motivation had a significant effect on leisure involvement, which, in turn, was related to leisure satisfaction. Moreover, leisure satisfaction had a positive impact on the well-being of elderly individuals. The study recommends developing leisure management policies that cater to the leisure needs of elderly residents and improve their well-being. Additionally, the article highlights China's policies on leisure activities for the elderly, which provide a conducive social environment for them to participate in leisure activities. The study sheds light on the importance of leisure activities in enhancing the well-being of the elderly and provides policymakers with insights to improve their quality of life.