Abstract

<p>Since the return to democratic governance, Obi Local Government Area (LGA) in Nasarawa State, Nigeria, has experienced persistent ethnic conflicts, undermining various reconciliation efforts made by the government. This study aimed to explore the causes of these conflicts, document victimization experiences, assess community perceptions of reconciliation, understand the reasons behind reconciliation failures, and identify factors necessary for achieving lasting peace. Using a combination of multi-stage, systematic random, and purposive sampling techniques, 216 respondents, including displaced returnees, were selected from different communities in the LGA. Data were gathered through both qualitative and quantitative methods. The findings revealed that the conflicts in Obi LGA are not only widespread but also deeply entrenched, with significant victimization reported across all ethnic groups. The primary causes of conflict were identified as disputes over land, farming, and crop destruction, while the failure of reconciliation efforts was largely attributed to socio-political and religious manipulations. To promote sustainable reconciliation, the study suggests a variety of strategies, including engaging in widespread consultations across ethnic groups with active female participation, providing counseling and support for victims of ethnic violence, establishing a universally acceptable peace celebration day, and halting political manipulation of ethnic conflicts. These measures are crucial to healing the fractured relationships and fostering enduring peace in the region.</p>