Abstract

<p>Aquatic biota such as fish, crayfish, and other edible aquatic organisms are susceptible to contamination by hazardous chemicals released from various industrial, agricultural, and domestic sources. These chemicals, particularly Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), accumulate in the tissues of aquatic organisms, posing a significant threat to human health when consumed. PAHs are organic compounds primarily released into the environment as a result of incomplete combustion, improper disposal, and oil spills from the oil and gas industries. The Rivers State region, with creeks like Isaka and Marine Base, has been severely affected by such pollutants, particularly due to spills and poor waste management practices. PAHs are among the most harmful contaminants, as they are persistent, bioaccumulative, and highly toxic to both aquatic life and humans. These compounds, along with other hydrocarbons such as total hydrocarbons (THC), oil and grease, have significantly polluted the marine ecosystems in this region, leading to adverse effects on biodiversity. The ongoing contamination of these waterways poses a serious environmental and public health challenge. This study assesses the human health risks associated with the consumption of aquatic biota from these polluted creeks, focusing on the levels of PAHs in five selected aquatic species. By analyzing the accumulation of PAHs and other related pollutants, the study aims to evaluate the potential health hazards to humans who rely on these aquatic resources for food. The findings underscore the need for stricter regulation and effective pollution management strategies to mitigate the health risks posed by PAHs and other pollutants in Rivers State’s aquatic ecosystems.</p>